РефератыИностранный языкCoConstructivism Essay Research Paper Students need to

Constructivism Essay Research Paper Students need to

Constructivism Essay, Research Paper


Students need to be able to learn how to become effective problem solvers.


They should be able to identify problems, evaluate those problems and then


decipher a way to transfer their learning to those problems in a way that will


bring about a solution. If a student is able to perform in a problem solving


situation a meaningful learning should then occur because he has constructed


an interpretation of how things work using preexisting structured. This is the


theory behind Constructivism. By creating a personal interpretation of


external ideas and experiances, constructivism allows students the ability to


understand how ideas can relate to each other and preexisting knowledge. A


teacher must then recognize the importance of the cognative and social


approaches for learning and teaching so that she may aid the students’


development in constructivist learning. Both approaches are valuable because


one will emphasize the role of cognative processes and the other will


emphasize culture and social interaction in the role of meaningful learning.


One, however, may wonder how to go about enforcing these approaches.


One method is through scaffolding, providing a student with sufficient


information to be able to complete a task on his own or, to present a gradual


decrease in the amount of help availible allowing the student the capacity to


work independantly. Situated learning will present the student with a set of


learning tasks placed in realistic contexts. This will include the abilities to use


knowledge in a functioning learning approach and acquiring inert knowledge


based on the learning of isolated facts in limited conditions. Lastly, students


should, through the use of multiple perspectives, be able to view problems


<
p>and ideas. These ideas presented will then be able to shed light on the nature


of problem solving. There are three most common types of problems, the first


being well-structured problems. Well-structured problems are ones clearly


stated with known solution procedures and evaluation standards; an example


being a mathamatical process. Another type of problem are those that are


ill-structured; they are stated vaguely, have unclear solution procedures, and


vague standards of evalalution. The third type, issue problems, are


ill-structured problems that will arrouse srtong feelings in the students. The


first step in helping students become adaquate problems solvers is assuring


they realize that a problem does exist. Once a problem is identifiedm students


should be expected to understand the nature of the problem. The next logical


step would then be for those students to compile all relevant information to


their problem allowing them to formulate and carry out a solution. Lastly, the


students would then be required to evaluate their solutions working out the


imperfections, clarifying the results. Problem solving is a very necessary abilty


for a student which will, in a way, garuntee his future abilty to transfer


knowledge. The student needs a firm base understanding of the problem


solving concepts to induce a positive transfer of his later ideas. He should be


able to recognize the need for different problem solving techniques and how


to relate and separate theories in his knowledge. The teacher should be able


to present the starting grounds to enable her students a method of producing


the solutions to their problems.


Bibliography


Snowman, J., & Biehler, R. (2000). Psychology Applied to Teaching (9th


edition) Boston, MA: Houghton Miflin Company.

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