История AMD

Министерство Образования Российской Федерадии

Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Технический Университет

Факультет Экономики и Менеджмента

Кафедра Иностранных Языков

РЕФЕРАТ

на тему

Advanced Micro Devices

Выполнил студент гр.3074/1

Кузьмин Павел Владимирович

Санкт-Петербург

1999

INTRODUCTION

Now-a-days it’s hard to imagine any field of human activity where the help of computers isn’t in demand. They have become what the people can’t do without everywhere – in work, getting education, entertainment. Their expanding and general availability are the result of the huge step that the technical progress in the PC processors industry has made for the last 10 years.The productivity of processors is much higher than it was even 5 years ago, and the cost – lower.The other motive is the increasing competition among the companies producing processors.

The leading position at the market of processors was taken by Intel and there were no companies that could seriously compete with Intel. But the last 3 years it has to share the market with another processors producer called AMD - Advanced Micro Devices - the company whose success is the point to be told about below.

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HISTORY OF AMD

As the AMD story has unfolded, its product lines have expanded, its culture has evolved, and the individual successes of its people have grown. Here's a brief summary of the three decades that have passed - and a very favorable indication of the years that lie ahead.

Among the things that unite AMD employees around the globe is a history highlighted by remarkable achievement. Since 1969, AMD has grown from afledgling start-up, headquartered in the living room of one of its founders, to a global corporation with annual revenues of $2.4 billion. The events that shaped AMD's growth, the strengths that will drive its future success, and a timeline encompassing AMD's defining moments are featured here.

1969-74 - Finding Opportunity

By May 1, 1969, Jerry Sanders and seven others had been toiling for months to pull together their scrappy start-up. The year before, Jerry had left his job as director of worldwide marketing at Fairchild Semiconductor, and he now found himself heading a team committed to a well-defined mission-building a successful semiconductor company by offering building blocks of ever-increasing complexity to benefit the manufacturers of electronic equipment in the computation, communication and instrumentation markets.

Although the company was initially headquartered in the living room of one of the co-founders, John Carey, it soon moved to two rooms in the back of a rugcutting company in Santa Clara. By September, AMD had raised the money it needed to begin manufacturing products and moved into its first permanent home,901 Thompson Place in Sunnyvale.

During the company's first years, the vast majority of its products were alternate-source devices, products obtained from other companies that were then redesigned for greater speed and efficiency. "Parametric superiority" were the watchwords of AMD even then. To give the products even more of a selling edge, the company instituted a guarantee of quality unprecedented in the industry - all products would be made and tested to stringent MIL-STD-883,regardless of who the customer was and at no extra cost.

By the end of AMD's fifth year, there were nearly 1,500 employees making over 200 different products - many of them proprietary - and bringing in nearly $26.5 million in annual sales.

1974-79 - Defining the Future

AMD's second five years gave the world a taste of the company's most enduring trait--tenaciousness. Despite a dogged recession in 1974-75, when sales briefly slipped, the company grew during this period to $168 million , representing an average annual compound growth rate of over 60 percent.

On its fifth anniversary, AMD began what was to become a renowned tradition - it held a gala party, this one a street fair attended by employees and their families.

This was also a period of tremendous facilities expansion, including the construction of 915 DeGuigne in Sunnyvale, opening an assembly facility in Manila, Philippines, and expanding the Penang factory.

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1980 - 1983 - Finding Pre-eminence

The early 1980s were defined for AMD by two now-famous symbols. The first,called the "Age of Asparagus," represented the company's drive to increase the number of proprietary products offered to the marketplace. Like this lucrative crop, proprietary products take time to cultivate, but eventually bring excellent return on the initial investment. The second symbol was a giant ocean wave. The focus of "Catch the Wave" recruiting advertisements,the wave portrayed by the company as an unstoppable force in the integrated circuit business.

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AMD PROCESSORS

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The

Am486 Processor

This CPU incorporated write-back cache and Enhanced power management features. These characteristics made the Am486 CPUs the perfect choice for Energy Star-compliant "green" desktop systems and for the growing portable market segment. With clock-tripled performance speeds up to 120 MHz, this CPU offered great price/performance value for both desktop and portable computers by providing power management and write-back Enhanced features at no extra premium.

The Am486 microprocessors featured Enhanced power management features, including SMM and clock control. These enhancements allowed reduced power consumption during system inactivity. The SMM function was implemented with an industry standard two-pin interface. In write-back mode, frequently used data were stored in the high-speed internal cache and accessed continually from within until the data were modified, thus increasing the performance of the CPU.

The Am5x86
Processor

The Am5x86 processor incorporated advanced features to achieve 586 performance. The Am5x86 CPU runed clock quadrupled at 133-MHz with a 33-MHz external bus. High-performance features such as a unified 16-Kbyte cache using write-back technology minimized the time the x86 core must have spent waiting for data or instructions, thereby accelerating all business and multimedia applications.

AMD's 0.35-micron process technology enabled AMD to deliver superior value with the Am5x86 processor. In addition, the design and pinout of the Am5x86 processor leveraged off 4th generation system costs, allowing manufacturers to position Am5x86 CPU-based systems as the best value for entry-level desktops or mainstream notebooks.

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The AMD-K5 Processor

This processor's fifth-generation performance stemed from AMD's independently conceived AMD-K5 superscalar core architecture, which combined highly efficient reduced instruction set computing (RISC) through put with complete x86 instruction-set compatibility.