РефератыИностранный языкCoComputer Production Essay Research Paper The market

Computer Production Essay Research Paper The market

Computer Production Essay, Research Paper


The market for computer products is a multi-billion dollar business where one


can find a perfect balance of technology and efficiency. The huge industrial


market is lead by such names as IBM, Hewlett Packard, and Compaq. In the world


today, computers are used for a variety of tasks and play a crucial role in the


areas of academics and business. The steps that are taken to bring the computer


from several small components to a desktop product are organization of the


manufacturing facility, assembly of hardware, installation of software, and a


test process. The production of a high quality product is important to computer


buyers. The following discussion demonstrates steps large corporations take to


make an efficient computer. Companies such as IBM and Apple computers are well


known in the computer industry. These companies have several manufacturing


facilities around the world where thousands of computers are built.


Manufacturing factories, which typically range between ?75,000 to 200,000


square feet?() in size, produce approximately 14,000 systems weekly. Companies


generally use 2 methods of computer assembly. One method involves complete unit


assembly by one person, the other being group assembly where several people


construct a single computer (the latter method is known as assembly line


production). A factory employing the single unit assembly method produces about


40 to 60 computers a day (this number varies base on the complexity of the


system being assembled). The assembly line method yields approximately 70


computers a day in the average factory. The assembly line method is the most


efficient way to produce computes as individual workers become highly


specialized in a specific task. In addition, the next person down the ?line?


can check the pervious person?s work to check for errors. ?Additional


inspection [, as used on assembly lines] tends to increase the computer?s


quality?(). The first step in manufacturing a computer is for the designer to


consider a balance between economic need (customers price level) with computer


power and practicality. Manufacturers try to make the best computer (in a given


price range) for the lowest cost. Once a specific model is designed the company


orders the high quality parts from their own component manufacturing divisions


or outside suppliers. Inventory control is an important part of acquiring


components as, to remain efficient, the company tries to avoid overstocking.


Manufacturers take note of the consumer demand, on a daily basis to efficiently


establish quantities for the production line. Top manufactures such as IBM and


Apple buy computer components for their products based on ?availability,


quality and priority of the configuration? (). When assembling a computer,


there are 8 to 10 major components installed including the processor speed chip,


the motherboard, RAM (Random Access Memory), diskette drive, modem or network


card, video card, hard drive, sound card, and CD-ROM. Before the components are


placed into the computer, each part undergoes a

n extensive testing process


called ?quality control? (). Quality control ensures that faulty systems are


not shipped. As an initial step, prior to the assembly process, an inspection of


the outer case to ensure that there are no scratches or defects. The brand name


and indicator labels are put onto the computer case at this time. Next the


motherboard is installed and prepared for the processor chip. The chip (which is


often a Pentium chip) is attached to the motherboard along with the RAM


component. Once the chip and RAM are installed, the internal speakers and sound


card are placed into the case. The hard drive, disk drive and CD-ROM drive are


in snuggly attached to the computer chassis. All these components are then


attached to the motherboard with cables so that they may communicate with each


other. Power supply is then applied to the computer and other additional


components such as the video card, and modem are added near a final stage of


assembly. After all these components are installed to create the finished


?PC?, the unit is thoroughly inspected to ensures that all the cables


connections are in place and all other defects are fixed. Inspectors also ensure


that cables are in appropriate places so that they do not touch components. This


is important as heat given off components, while operating can cause minor


explosions. The CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor- circuitry for the


memory and processor) is set up at this time. The top cover is placed onto the


computer and it is shipped off for further testing. All companies differ in


their testing of finished products. A common in most companies includes the


48-hour burn in period. This period is very similar to the burn in period that a


car undergoes following production. After the 48-hour burn in, final diagnostic


tests are completed to ensure all components are working well. If a computer is


ordered with sound cards, speakers are attached to the unit and they also are


tested. Mouse and keyboard components are tested manually by connecting a


testing mouse and keyboard to the ports. The computer is then shipped from the


manufacturing site to the distribution center. At the center, additional tests


are possible as computers are randomly checked and inspected. The computer is


then further shipped to department or retail stores for sale to the consumer. In


conclusion, the production of a computer from a number of components to a


finished product is a complex procedure. It is crucial to have a well-organized


computer manufacturing facility, and it is important that assembly and


insulation of all components is carried out accurately. Final testing is the


concluding step in computer manufacturing process. The testing phase is most


important, as consumers demand high quality and efficient products. In society


today, computers are essential for the flow of information and important


technical tasks. The usefulness of the computer and subsequent consumer demand


for improved models will keep pressure on manufactures to build more efficient,


high quality machines in future years.

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