РефератыИностранный языкSmSmall Pox Essay Research Paper Small Pox

Small Pox Essay Research Paper Small Pox

Small Pox Essay, Research Paper


Small Pox


Small pox, which was once the most feared disease known by mankind started


out in the days of Christopher Columbus. The disease set out to change the


lives of the people in the worse way. It became known as an epidemic disease


that ended up killing hundreds of people. Small pox started out in Hispaniola


and because of no cure, it traveled to the island of Puerto Rico, and then Cuba.


It was only a matter of time until it spread to the mainland, somewhere in


America. In the Middle Ages, small pox was a highly contagious disease which


often lead to death if not treated. In this term paper you will read and learn


about the causes, symptoms and treatments of this horrible disease.


Small pox which was often refereed to as a life threatening disease, is


caused by a virus, which was not discovered until the nineteenth century. Most


of the victims whom acquired small pox, was a result of face to face contact.


It is passed through the nose where tiny particles are released when the


infected person sneezes, also by the mouth where particles are once again


ejected when the victim coughs. The disease can be transmitted by dried small


pox scabs and through materials the infected person has come in contact with.


The virus is reproduced in the lymphoid tissue and released into the body.


Virus reproduction begins when the virion comes into contact with a suitable


host cell. The virus must interact with a receptor on the cell surface. The


infectious cycle usually consists of two stages. The first stage makes the


proteins necessary for the protein to form. The second stage forms the adult


virion to start the attack on the body. Smallpox attack with no warning.


There are several painful symptoms that are brought upon by this disease.


In most of the cases, symptoms in a new victim will occur ten to twelve days


later. Patients will develop chills, high fever, and nausousness. The fevers


may reach up to 105 degrees farenht. In three or four days later a rash erupts


and the fever and discomfort may subside. It begins on the face, then spreading


to the chest, arms, back and finally the legs. It consists of hard red lumps


which become pimple like, swelling and containing puss. “The pustules gave the


disease its name, by which it was first known in the west as Variola” (Giblin


59). This rash itches severely but scratching must be avoided in order to


prevent another infection from forming. “Up to forty percent of the patients


died, in the rest, scabs eventually formed and then fell off, leaving permanent


pits and scars in the skin” ( Lawrence 365). Some of the patients were also


left blinded. The victims who were faced with this dreadful disease, suffered


terribly. In some cases if sever enough the patient would lose the battle with


smallpox and die. Sometimes the rash would never heal completely and cause an


acne type look on the persons body. There is no medication to clear up the acne


it is perminit, sometimes worse than others.


In 1796, Edward Jenner, a British physician, developed the first vaccine


to prevent small pox (Johnston 92). At the age of eight he experienced a


painful fight with small pox. This was his inspiration to discover a method to


prevent the suffering of small pox victims. The news of this marvelous


development spread quickly and it was soon used widely around the world. During


the 1800’s many countries required everyone as a law, to receive the vaccine.


It was recognized that the vaccine was the best quality and the disease


continued to spread. The vaccination contained the virus that causes cowpox,


this disease is similar to small pox but a milder form. This causes the


production of antibodies that give protection against both cowpox and small pox.


There is no specific treatment for small pox. Due to the disease being so


contagious, patients need to be isolated until they are completely recovered.


The sores must be kept clean and penicillin and sulfa medications are sometimes


given to prevent further infections. However, after a person has come across


the disease and recovers from it they become permanently immune to the virus.


Jenner later promoted the smallpox vaccination and ultimately wiped the virus


clear out. Since then there has only been one case of smallpox but they are not


certain that it really was the smallpox virus or just a clone of a chicken pox


virus. Vaccinations only work depending on ones immune system if it is weak the


vaccine will not take.


The number of small pox infected countries gradually decreased. ” In


April 1978, WHO ( world health organization) officials announced the world’s


last known case of naturally occurring small pox had been found in Somalia in


October 1977″ ( Fetzer 513). When small pox it the world it came down like a


ton of bricks. So many people lost their lives to this horrifying disease. ”


Small pox was once the worst scourges ever to afflict humankind, surpassing


cholera, bubonic plague, and yellow fever in time span and geographical


coverage” ( Time 17). Due to the dedication of Edward Jenner and his discovery


of the cowpox vaccine, many people were saved from the pains and suffering of


the ugliest disease of the middle ages. This also saved many people f

rom ding


and spreading the disease to others. Now at birth people are given this vaccine


along with others to stop the cathging of other diseases and to most importantly


stop the spread of deadly diseases. The time period of smallpox was a bad one


do to all the other terrible plagues such as the black plague, shingles, and the


terrible venereal diseases of the times like oral herpes and hepatitis. There


is a vaccine now for all the terrible plagues so there is nomore real concern


about stuff like smallpox the big thing today is AIDS.


Small pox, which was once the most feared disease known by mankind started


out in the days of Christopher Columbus. The disease set out to change the


lives of the people in the worse way. It became known as an epidemic disease


that ended up killing hundreds of people. Small pox started out in Hispaniola


and because of no cure, it traveled to the island of Puerto Rico, and then Cuba.


It was only a matter of time until it spread to the mainland, somewhere in


America. In the Middle Ages, small pox was a highly contagious disease which


often lead to death if not treated. In this term paper you will read and learn


about the causes, symptoms and treatments of this horrible disease.


Small pox which was often refereed to as a life threatening disease, is


caused by a virus, which was not discovered until the nineteenth century. Most


of the victims whom acquired small pox, was a result of face to face contact.


It is passed through the nose where tiny particles are released when the


infected person sneezes, also by the mouth where particles are once again


ejected when the victim coughs. The disease can be transmitted by dried small


pox scabs and through materials the infected person has come in contact with.


The virus is reproduced in the lymphoid tissue and released into the body.


Virus reproduction begins when the virion comes into contact with a suitable


host cell. The virus must interact with a receptor on the cell surface. The


infectious cycle usually consists of two stages. The first stage makes the


proteins necessary for the protein to form. The second stage forms the adult


virion to start the attack on the body. Smallpox attack with no warning.


There are several painful symptoms that are brought upon by this disease.


In most of the cases, symptoms in a new victim will occur ten to twelve days


later. Patients will develop chills, high fever, and nausousness. The fevers


may reach up to 105 degrees farenht. In three or four days later a rash erupts


and the fever and discomfort may subside. It begins on the face, then spreading


to the chest, arms, back and finally the legs. It consists of hard red lumps


which become pimple like, swelling and containing puss. “The pustules gave the


disease its name, by which it was first known in the west as Variola” (Giblin


59). This rash itches severely but scratching must be avoided in order to


prevent another infection from forming. “Up to forty percent of the patients


died, in the rest, scabs eventually formed and then fell off, leaving permanent


pits and scars in the skin” ( Lawrence 365). Some of the patients were also


left blinded. The victims who were faced with this dreadful disease, suffered


terribly. In some cases if sever enough the patient would lose the battle with


smallpox and die. Sometimes the rash would never heal completely and cause an


acne type look on the persons body. There is no medication to clear up the acne


it is permanent, sometimes worse than others.


In 1796, Edward Jenner, a British physician, developed the first vaccine


to prevent small pox (Johnston 92). At the age of eight he experienced a


painful fight with small pox. This was his inspiration to discover a method to


prevent the suffering of small pox victims. The news of this marvelous


development spread quickly and it was soon used widely around the world. During


the 1800’s many countries required everyone as a law, to receive the vaccine.


It was recognized that the vaccine was the best quality and the disease


continued to spread. The vaccination contained the virus that causes cowpox,


this disease is similar to small pox but a milder form. This causes the


production of antibodies that give protection against both cowpox and small pox.


There is no specific treatment for small pox. Due to the disease being so


contagious, patients need to be isolated until they are completely recovered.


The sores must be kept clean and penicillin and sulfa medications are sometimes


given to prevent further infections. However, after a person has come across


the disease and recovers from it they become permanently immune to the virus.


Jenner later promoted the smallpox vaccination and ultimately wiped the virus


clear out. Since then there has only been one case of smallpox but they are not


certain that it really was the smallpox virus or just a clone of a chicken pox


virus. Vaccinations only work depending on ones immune system if it is weak the


vaccine will not take.


The number of small pox infected countries gradually decreased. ” In


April 1978, WHO ( world health organization) officials announced the world’s


last known case of naturally occurring small pox had been found in Somalia in


October 1977″ ( Fetzer 513).

Сохранить в соц. сетях:
Обсуждение:
comments powered by Disqus

Название реферата: Small Pox Essay Research Paper Small Pox

Слов:1956
Символов:12448
Размер:24.31 Кб.