РефератыИностранный языкBrBreakdown Of The Roman Republican Government After

Breakdown Of The Roman Republican Government After

287Bc Essay, Research Paper


Senate- The Senate was the true seat of power in Rome. Senators


were appointed for life, and voting was done by seniority. The Senators


were responsible for ratifying laws which the general assemblies had


passed, along with providing government appointments and


appropriating government funds. The Senate also voted on other


issues which concerned the city, and provided guidance. Because they


held their positions for life, the Senators held immense power, and the


other government leaders would pretty much do as they willed.


Consuls- The Romans elected two consuls as chief executives every


year who each had the ability to veto the other. These consuls were the


commanders of the army, acted as judges, and summoned and


proposed bills to the comitia centuriata.


Comitia Centuriata- The comitia centuriata was a popular assembly


which catered to the interested of the wealthy. Its system of voting


revolved around a class structure where the wealthiest of citizens


constituted a near majority, and the poorer classes rarely got an actual


vote. It had the power to appoint magistrates and pass legislation. the


comitia also served a judicial purpose.


Plebian Council- The Plebian council was also a council dominated by


wealthy landowners. The voting of the council was set up in tribes that


were divvied into city and rural, and the votes were distributed so that


the tribes of large landowners were given a much larger vote (31) than


there fellow citizens in the city (4). The Plebian council had the ability to


pass legislation, elect magistrates, and serve in judicial matters

.


Censors-There were two censors who were elected every five years by


the comitia centuriata, and served for 18 months. They were


responsible for determining the tax liability, military eligibility, and tribe


assignments of the people. They could also add or remove people from


the Senate, and arrange public contracts and spend public funds.


Praetors- There were 2 or more praetors, and the office was open to


patricians. One praetor was in charge of judicial matters inside the city.


The other praetors were in charge of maintaining Roman authority in


conquered lands.


The Plebian Aedileship- There were two Aediles. They were in charge


of things which would effect the daily life of an average citizen, such as


running the plebian?s treasury, policing the markets, administering


weights and measures, and monitoring food and water supplies.


Plebian Tribal Council- The tribal council reorganized the voting in the


Plebian council. It gave one vote to each tribe since not all farmers


could get into town to vote. This council was still slanted to the wealthy


aristocratic land owners.


Law of 12 Tables- The laws on the 12 tables, were codifications of the


common laws existing around 450 BC They were written down on the


tables by the decemvirs. The laws essentially gave in writing equality to


all citizens under the law.


Quaestors- There were four Quaestors. Two of the four Quaestors remained in


the city and kept up the public treasury and went after tax offenders. The other


two Quaestors followed the consuls to to the battlefield and were in charge of the


supplies and the soldiers pay.

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